Analysis of Irregular Blood Group Antibody Distribution and Blood Transfusion Efficacy in Patients with Malignant Tumor / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the distribution of irregular blood group antibodies in patients with malignant tumors, and to analyze the relationship between it and efficacy of blood transfusion in patients.@*METHODS@#5 600 patients with malignant tumors treated in Shanxi Bethune Hospital from January 2019 to December 2021 were selected as the research subjects. All patients received blood transfusion, and cross matching test was conducted before blood transfusion, irregular antibody results of patients were tested; the irregular distribution of blood group antibodies was observed, and the relationship between it and efficacy of blood transfusion in patients was analyzed.@*RESULTS@#Among 5 600 patients with malignant tumors, 96 cases were positive for irregular antibody, and the positive rate was 1.71%; the main blood group systems involved in the irregular antibody positive of 96 patients with malignant tumors were RH, MNSs and Duffy system, among which Rh blood group was the most common, and the proportion of anti-E was the highest; among the malignant tumor patients with positive blood group irregular antibody, the proportion of female was higher than that of male; the proportion of patients aged >60 years was the highest, followed by patients aged >40 and ≤50 years, and the proportion of patients aged 18-30 years was the lowest; the patients with positive blood group irregular antibody were mainly in blood system (including lymphoma), digestive system, reproductive and urinary system; the positive rate of irregular antibody of patients in the ineffective group was higher than that of patients in the effective group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis results showed that, irregular antibody positive was a risk factor for ineffective blood transfusion in patients with malignant tumor (OR>1, P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The irregular blood group antibody positive of patients with malignant tumor are mostly female, and the proportion of patients aged >60 is the highest, which is mainly distributed in malignant tumors of blood system, digestive system and urogenital system, and the positive blood group irregular antibody is related to the efficacy of blood transfusion in patients.

Expression of Nod-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of children with Kawasaki disease in the acute stage / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the association of Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome with inflammatory response in the acute stage and coronary artery lesion (CAL) in children with Kawasaki disease (KD).@*METHODS@#A total of 42 children with KD who were hospitalized from January to October 2017 were enrolled as the KD group, among whom 9 had CAL (CAL group) and 33 had no CAL (NCAL group). Fifteen age- and gender-matched children with pneumonia and pyrexia were enrolled as the pneumonia-pyrexia group. Fifteen healthy children were enrolled as the healthy control group. Real-time PCR was used to measure the mRNA expression of NLRP3 inflammasome (NLRP3, ASC and caspase-1) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The Spearman rank correlation test was used to investigate the correlation of NLRP3 mRNA expression with serum levels of C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, procalcitonin, albumin and prealbumin.@*RESULTS@#The KD group had significantly higher mRNA expression of NLRP3, ASC and caspase-1 in the acute stage than the pneumonia-pyrexia and healthy control groups (P<0.05). The CAL group had significantly higher mRNA expression of NLRP3 than the NCAL group (P<0.05). NLRP3 mRNA expression was correlated with C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, and prealbumin levels in children with KD in the acute stage (r=0.449, 0.376, 0.427, and -0.416 respectively; P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#NLRP3 inflammasome may participate in inflammatory response in the acute stage and the development of CAL in children with KD.

Role of apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 in left ventricular remodeling in mice / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the changes and significance of apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) in left ventricular remodeling in FVB/N mice.@*METHODS@#A total of 54 FVB/N mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: 0 d group with 8 mice, 7 d group with 10 mice, 14 d group with 16 mice, and 21 d group with 20 mice. A model of cardiac remodeling was established by intraperitoneal injection of isoproterenol (ISO) at a daily dose of 30 mg/kg, and the 7 d, 14 d, and 21 d groups were injected for 7, 14, and 21 consecutive days respectively. The 0 d group was given intraperitoneal injection of an equal volume of normal saline. Echocardiography was used to measure left ventricular posterior wall thickness at end diastole (dLVPW) and the ratio of heart weight to tibia length (HW/TL) was measured. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to measure left ventricular myocardial fiber diameter. Picric-Sirius red staining was used to measure myocardial collagen deposition area in the left ventricle. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to measure the mRNA expression of ASK1, type I collagen (collagen I), and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP). The mortality rate was observed for each group.@*RESULTS@#There were gradual increases in HW/TL, myocardial fiber diameter, and dLVPW after 0, 7, and 14 days of ISO injection (P0.05), while there was a significant reduction in myocardial fiber diameter (P0.05). There were significant increases in myocardial collagen deposition area and the mRNA expression of collagen I, ASK1, and BNP after 0, 7, 14, and 21 days of ISO injection, which reached the peaks on day 21 (P<0.01). The mRNA expression of ASK1 was positively correlated with myocardial collagen deposition area and the mRNA expression of collagen I and BNP and had a weak correlation with HW/TL, myocardial fiber diameter, and dLVPW. There was a significant increase in the mortality rate of the mice over the time of ISO injection.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The expression of ASK1 in the myocardium is closely associated with left ventricular remodeling. The increase of ASK1 expression may lead to the aggravation of left ventricular remodeling, and the mechanism of which needs further study.

Establishment of cardiac remodeling model in FVB/N mice by intraperitoneal injection of isoproterenol / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the feasibility of intraperitoneal injection of isoproterenol (ISO) to induce cardiac remodeling in FVB/N mice.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty-eight FVB/N mice were divided into back subcutaneous saline group (subcutaneous saline group), intraperitoneal saline group, back subcutaneous ISO group (subcutaneous ISO group), and intraperitoneal ISO group according to the route of administration of saline or ISO. ISO (30 μg/g body weight/day) was given to the subcutaneous ISO group and the intraperitoneal ISO group, twice daily with an interval of 12 hours, for 14 consecutive days. The subcutaneous saline group and the intraperitoneal saline group were injected with an equal volume of saline. The left ventricular end-diastolic posterior wall thickness was measured by echocardiography, and the ratio of heart weight to tibia length was determined. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to determine the myocardial fiber diameter. Picric-sirius red staining was used to determine the myocardial collagen deposition area. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to measure the mRNA expression of collagen I.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the subcutaneous ISO, subcutaneous saline, and intraperitoneal saline groups, the intraperitoneal ISO group had increased sizes of the cardiac cavity and the heart. Compared with the subcutaneous saline and intraperitoneal saline groups, the subcutaneous ISO group showed no significant changes in the gross morphology of the cardiac cavity and the heart. The intraperitoneal ISO group showed significant increases in the ratio of heart weight to tibia length, myocardial fiber diameter, left ventricular end-diastolic posterior wall thickness, myocardial collagen area percentage, and the mRNA expression of collagen I compared with the subcutaneous ISO, subcutaneous saline, and intraperitoneal saline groups (P<0.01). There were no significant differences in the above five indices between the subcutaneous ISO group and the subcutaneous saline and intraperitoneal saline groups (P>0.05). No significant difference in the mortality rate was found between the subcutaneous ISO and intraperitoneal ISO groups (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Intraperitoneal injection of ISO can induce cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in FVB/N mice.</p>

An ultrasonographic study of the correlation between developmental dysplasia of the hip and congenital muscular torticollis in children / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the significance of early screening of pediatric developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) and congenital muscular torticollis (CMT) using ultrasonography and establish a simultaneous screening model for pediatric DDH and CMT.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From January, 2013 to January, 2016, a total of 5060 pediatric patients with suspected DDH and CMT underwent ultrasonic examinations. The diagnostic results of the two diseases were classified into different clinical types, and Chi-square test was used to analyze the one-way relationship between different types of DDH and CMT; correspondence analysis was used for multivariate analysis of the variables. Chi-square test was used to analyze the difference between the detection rates in suspected CMT patients and the normal population.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>GrafIIa type DDH was associated with mass-type CMT in the children (χ=331.800, P<0.001). DDH of GrafIIb, GrafIIc, Graf III, and Graf IV types were related with non-tumor type of CMT. The children with a suspected diagnosis of CMT showed a significantly higher detection rate of DDH than the normal subjects (χ=321.889, P<0.001).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>DDH is closely related with CMT. Early simultaneous screening of DDH and CMT can help to improve the early diagnosis rate of CMT in children.</p>

Expression of apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 in dibated cardiomyoprthy and its correlation with left ventricular ejection fraction / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To observe the changes of apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) expression in left ventricular myocardium of the dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) rats induced by adriamycin and its correlation with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF).Methods One hundred and twenty SPF Wistar rats were divided into 2 groups as follows:control group (n =15),model group(n =105).Adriamycin was administered in the model group by intraperitoneal injection for 3 times in a week and repeated with a two-week interval for 6 times,while 9 g/L saline were administered in the control group in the same pattern,thus DCM rats model were constructed by the end of the 8th week.Both the model group and control group rats were drawn out and their LVEF were tested by the end of the 8th week and 12th week.Apoptosis index (AI) and the ASK1 in myocardium were tested respectively by apoptotic cells situ labeling,semi-quantitative analysis and Western blot.Results The AI of the control group,the 8th weekend model group and the 12th weekend model group were 0.53 ±0.27,16.13 ± 1.72,19.54 ±2.24.The AI of the 8th and the 12th weekend model groups were obviously higher than that in the control group.Comparing the differences among the 3 groups were statistically significant (F =18.98,P ＜ 0.05).The relative ASK1 expressions in ventricular myocardium of the control group,the 8th weekend model group and the 12th weekend model group were 0.169 ± 0.010,0.649 ± 0.071,0.781 ±0.077.Comparing the differences among the 3 groups were statistically significant (F =27.72,P ＜ 0.01).The LVEF (％) results of the control group,the 8th weekend model group and the 12th weekend model group were 75.41 ± 2.02,53.25 ±3.74,39.21 ±6.13.Comparing the differences among the 3 groups were statistically significant(F =154.87,P ＜0.01).There was a negative correlation between the ASK1 expression and LVFE in model group at the end of 12weeks(r =-0.86,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions The ASK1 expression in myocardium of the DCM group increases obviously,thus apoptosis signal-regulating probably participates in the pathological process of DCM induced by ASK1.

Anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery: report on 10 cases / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) is a rare congenital coronary artery abnormality. This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of the disorder.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The medical data, including common clinical presentations, the findings of the digital subtraction angiogram (DSA), echocardiograms and the electrocardiograph (ECG), surgical records and the outcome, of 10 children with ALCAPA between June 2001 and February 2005 were retrospectively reviewed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Diaphoresis, fantod, breathlessness and difficult feeding were commonly presented in the patients with ALCAPA. ECG, echocardiography and DSA examinations showed characteristic changes in these patients. The Takeuchi procedure was performed in 4 patients, direct aortic reimplantation in 4 cases and aortic reconstruction in 2 cases. After operation the symptoms of 8 patients were improved but 2 died.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>ALCAPA patients have characteristic clinical manifestations and lab findings. This is helpful in making an early diagnosis of ALCAPA. Early surgical treatment can improve the patients' outcome.</p>